Glossary
Full four-way entry
Also called: full 4-way, true four-way, 4-way entry
Reviewed
Full four-way entry means both forklifts and pallet jacks can enter a pallet from all four sides. It comes from block construction: block pallets with a perimeter base, a unidirectional base with no crosswise bottom boards, or a panel bottom with cutouts are full four-way.
How full four-way is achieved
A block pallet raises the top deck on blocks rather than solid stringers, so every side has open fork entries. The bottom deck is then arranged so jack wheels can drop to the floor on every side:
| Bottom style | Why it allows jacks from four sides |
|---|---|
| Perimeter base | boards only around the edges, open in the middle of each bay |
| Unidirectional base | bottom boards in one direction only |
| Panel with cutouts | openings cut where the wheels land |
Bottom boards that jack wheels roll over are chamfered.
Why buyers specify it
Distribution centers, pooled pallet systems and export lanes handle pallets from any direction, often with pallet jacks in trailers and at store level. Full four-way removes the need to turn pallets. The 48x40 pooled pallets used in North American grocery, the EPAL Euro pallet and most CP pallets are block designs for this reason.
Cost
Block pallets need more parts (blocks, stringerboards, mats) than a notched stringer pallet, so they typically cost more to build. See block pallet and stringer vs block pallets.
Questions
- Are all block pallets full four-way?
- No. A block pallet with an overlap bottom (bottom deckboards plus bottom stringerboards) is partial four-way, because the bottom boards block pallet-jack wheels on two sides.
Sources
- Uniform Standard for Wood Pallets (NWPCA, now Woodpack Global), 2012 edition
- PalletOne: anatomy of the block pallet